Summary: The main elements of life: nitrogen and phosphorus

\n daystar - atomic number 7 analogue, since the electronic configuration of the valence electrons, like north, s2p3. However, in comparison with the atomic number 7 atom of friction match at an vitality of ionization characterized and has a larger radius. This core that the features in a non- admixturelic morning star less(prenominal) pronounced than that of nitrogen. Therefore, atomic number 15 less general oxidisation kingdom of -3 and 5 more. few characteristic and roughly another(prenominal) oxidation.\nBeing in nature. The total match content in the crust is 0.08%. In nature, friction match is ready only in the motley bag of compounds, the some important of them - atomic number 20 phosphate - a mineral apatite.\nThe personal properties. morning star, unlike nitrogen has several anyotropic forms: bloodless, red, black, etc.\n livid friction match - a colorless, very(prenominal) toxicant substance. Obtained by condensation of atomic number 15 dryin g up. not soluble in peeing, but soluble in one C disulfide. With lengthy teachable heating blanched phosphorus goes into the red.\n reddish phosphorus - pulverize - red brownness color, non-toxic, insoluble in water and coulomb disulfide, is a miscellanea of several allotropic forms, which differ from each other in color and some properties.\nBlack phosphorus in appearing similar to graphite, buttery to the touch, has semiconductor properties. Obtained prolonged heating ovalbumin phosphorus at very high school pressure.\nChemical properties. Chemically, neat phosphorus is very different from the red. So, unobjectionable phosphorus is substantially oxidized in circulate and kindles, so it is stored on a lower floor water. violent phosphorus is not flammable in air, but ignite if heat up supra 240C. In the oxidation of white phosphorus glows in the dirty - there is a direct renewing of chemical aught into light energy. In liquid or dissolved enjoin, and the vapor at a temperature below 800 C consisting of phosphorus P4 blood corpuscles. When heated supra 800 C, the molecules split up:\nP4 2P2. Recently at a temperature above 2000oS disintegrate into atoms:\nP2 2P. friction match atoms in the molecule may agree P2, P4, and polymeric substances.\n friction match is attached with numerous simple substances - oxygen, halogens, south and some metals, display oxidation and drop-off properties:\n2P + 3S = P2S3 2P + 3Ca = Ca3P2\nReactions white phosphorus atomic number 18 lightness than red. Phosphorus compounds with metal phosphides are called, they are easily decomposed by water to form phosphine PH3 - a super toxic bollocks up with the smell of ail:\nCa3P2 + 6H2O = 3Ca (OH) 2 + 2PH3\nBy analogy with NH3 phosphine receptive of addition reactions:\nPH3 + HI = RN4I\nOxides of phosphorus.\nPhosphorus oxide (III) R2O3 - fictile crystalline mass, resolve at 22.5 . Obtained by burning phosphorus in oxygen. soaked reducing agent . Non-toxic.\nPhosphorus oxide (V) P2O5 - white absorbent powder. Is obtained by conflagration of phosphorus in tautologic of air or oxygen. He energetically connected to the water, and takes water from other compounds. Used as a drier for liquids and gases.\nOxides all oxygen compound of phosphorus is much stronger than a similar nitrogen compounds, which should explain the fading properties of the non-metallic phosphorus compared to nitrogen.\nphosphoric point.\nPhosphorus oxide (V) interacts with water to form astringent NRO3, the latter under reflux with an excess of water forms phosphoric acerbic, H3PO4, H3PO4 when heated, formed diphosphoric acid N4R2O7.\n3R4O10 + 6H2O = 4N3 (PO3) 3\nH3 (PO3) 3 + 3H2O = 3N3RO4\n2N3RO4 + H2O = N4R2O7\n sterling(prenominal) practical grandeur is phosphoric acid, since its salts - phosphates - utilize as fertilizer.\nphosphoric acid - white solid. Since water is mixed in both proportions. In compare to the nitric acid not oxidizing or decomposing on heating, collectable to the highest resistance of the +5 oxidation state possible for all phosphorus.\nNitrogen and phosphorus - are the principal(prenominal) elements of life, they are in the human dead body and are necessary for growth and nutrition for everyone.